Normal Washing Process of Garments and Precaution

Last Updated on 12/06/2022

Normal Wash:
Normal wash is the most simple type of wash with lowest washing cost. Normal wash consists of washing garments in hot water with adequate detergent and softener, rinsing in plain water and drying in tumble dryer. Some soda ash is added to lend the garment a prominent washed look. Water temperature and the proportion of components of the wash are adjusted as per requirement of the wash and types of fabrics. The softener makes the fiber soft and tumble-drying makes the fabric fluffier. An expert technician can handle washing in an expedient way to solve many problems arising during washing.

normal washed jeans — Fig: Normal washed jeans

Objects / Purposes of Normal Wash:
Normal wash is required for the following reasons:

To remove dust, dirt, oil spot, impurities from the garments.
To remove size materials from the garments.
To remove starch presents on the garment fabrics.
For soft feeling to wear the garments after purchasing.
To achieve buyer washing standard.

Normal Washing Process of Garments:
The Normal washing process of batch of 70 kg Denim, Twill / Canvas Garments are described below:

First Step: Desizing

Lot size: 70 kg Twill/Canvas Garment.
Add water @ L: R = 1: 8-10 i.e. 560 –700 litre.
Machine Running.
Add detergent @ 0.5 gm / liter i.e. 280-350 gm.
Temperature = Sometime cold and sometime 40°C to 60°C.
Time = 5 to 10 min.
Drop the liquor.
Cold wash.

Second Step: Softening

Add water @ L : R = 1: 6 i.e. 420 litre.
Washing machine running
Add Flax softener @ 0.6 gm / litre i.e. 252 gm.
Add Acetic Acid @ 0.5 gm / litre i.e. 210 gm.
Time = 5 to 10 min.
Drop the liquor.
Unload the Garments on trolley.

Third Step: Hydro Extractor Machine
Hydrocxtraction the garment to remove excess water from the Garment.

Fourth Step: Drying Steam Dryer / Gas Dryer.

Load on steam dryer = 50 kg
Temperature = 60°C-70°C
Time = 40 -50 min for dry.
Time = 10 -15 min for cold dry.

Or,

Load on gas dryer: 50 kg,
Running the machine
Temperature: 70°C-85°C.
Time: 30-35 min for dry.
Time: 10-15 min for cold dry.

Fifth Step: Delivery
After drying it will be quality checking and good quality Garments will be delivery to Garments factory.

Precaution in Normal Wash:
Due to garments washing, there may be a problem of back stain formation. If coloring materials present in the garment fabric is partially removed from the garment fabric during washing, may redeposit on the pocketing or lining fabric of the garment resulting color stain called back stain. Formation of back stain in the garments due to washing is considered as washing defect. Back stain is not acceptable to the buyer. Hence proper precaution should be taken to avoid back stain. The probable reasons of back stain formation due to garments washing are as follows:

Excess use of fabric softener
If garment fabric color is of low quality

To overcome the problem of back stain formation following measures to be taken.

Complete garments washing without softener and observe the back stain. If back stain is not formed, then the reason for back stain formation is for the use of excess amount of softener. Hence use of softener is to be reduced. If back stain is observed then it is clear that the low quality of colored materials present in the garment fabric is the reason of back stain formation.

For low quality color of the garment fabric, the garment needs pretreatment prior to normal wash. The pretreatment is described here. Load 100 kg garments in the washing machine and add 500 liter water @ L:R = 1:5. Add color fixing agent @ 1% that is 1 kg to the liquor and start machine running. Start steam supply to raise temperature to 40 C and continue processing for 10 minutes. Drop the liquor, unload the garments, hydroextrust the garments and then dry the garments in the garment drying machine. If pre-treated garments are processed for normal wash, then the problem of back stain formation could be avoided.

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Mazharul Islam Kiron

Founder & Editor of Textile Learner. He is a Textile Consultant, Blogger & Entrepreneur. He is working as a textile consultant in several local and international companies. He is also a contributor of Wikipedia.