Classification of Textile Testing: Fiber Testing, Yarn Testing, Fabric Testing

Last Updated on 16/01/2021

Classification of Textile Testing (Fibers, Yarns, Fabrics)

M. Hossen Uzzal
B.Sc. in Textile Technology
Noakhali Textile Engineering College
Email: uhossen@gmail.com

Textile Testing:
Testing is the process or procedure to determines the quality of a product. And quality could be termed as customers’ satisfaction; a good quality product means that it will fulfill all the purposes for which it has been produced.

Textile testing is a most important way to certified a textile fiber, yarn or fabric as a useable material in textile products or garments. Testing will inform you what kind of fiber is this and approximately what kind of garments you’ll be produce by this fiber, yearn, fabric.

When a textile product or material is tested, its results must fulfill both explicit and implicit requirements. The explicit requirements from the tests are either that how the product will perform during its life cycle or how it will meet the required specifications. The core purpose of testing is that it must be reproducible; it means that if the same material tested under similar conditions in different laboratories, or at another time, and by another operator but it should yield the same results. However, testing results of textile materials are not expected to be similar every time. Variation in the material, variations imparted by test method these factors can be affecting the reproducibility of results. Let’s have a look basically how many textile testing is used to test, textile fiber, yarn, fabric in the textile lab.

Classification of Textile Testing:
Classification of textile testing includes fiber testing, yarn testing and fabric testing. List of fiber, yarn and fabric testing are point out below.

Testing of Fibers:
Testing of raw material is very important and in case of spinning raw material could be fibers, so it is necessary to find out the complete parameters of fiber that will help in the process of spinning. The properties of the yarn and fabric are directly influenced by the properties of fiber from which yarn and fabric are made. For testing of fibers, mostly used instruments are USTER HVI and USTER AFIS.

Classification of Fiber Testing:

Identifications of fiber
Grading
Color of fibers
Fiber Length
Fiber strength and elongation
Fiber fineness
Fiber maturity
Trash
Neps
Short fiber index- SFI
Short fiber content- SFC
Immature fiber content
Dust

Testing of Yarns:
Yarn is the principal element of fabric. So, fabric quality directly depends on yarn. Various types of tests are used to identify yarn quality.

Classification of Yarn Testing:

Yarn count or Linear Density
Twist per unit length
Single yearn strength
Lea strength and elongation
Appearance
Evenness and regularity
Hairiness

Fabric Tests:
After the development of the fabric different tests are performed on it to evaluate different parameters. Different strength tests are performed to evaluate the fabric strength.

Classification of Fabric Testing:

Strength and elongation
Length
Width
Thickness
Weight
Number of warp yarn per unit length
Number of weft yarn per unit length
The count of yarn used
Design and construction of cloth
Yarn permeability
Crimp
Shrinkage test
Stiffness
Handle
Drape
Crease resistance and recovery
Abrasion
Thermal properties
Pilling test
Water absorbance and resistance

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Mazharul Islam Kiron

Founder & Editor of Textile Learner. He is a Textile Consultant, Blogger & Entrepreneur. He is working as a textile consultant in several local and international companies. He is also a contributor of Wikipedia.