Colorfastness to Sea Water (ISO 105 E02)

Theory:
The test method by which this test is carried out is ISO 105 E02. Colorfastness to sea water test in intended to determine the resistance of the color of dyed, printed, or otherwise colored textiles to immersion in sea water. Artificial sea water is used in this test because natural sea water is variable in composition, and is often difficult to obtain.

Principle:
The specimen, backed by multifiber test fabric, is immersed in artificial sea water under specified conditions of temperature and time, and then placed between glass or plastic plates under specified conditions of pressure, temperature and time. The change in color of the specimen and the staining of the attached multi-fiber test fabric are observed.

Apparatus and Materials:

Perspiration Tester
Oven
Multi fiber fabric
Grey scale
Color matching cabinet
Glass plate or Acrylic resin plates
Weight 12.5 kPa or 5kg pressure
Glass beaker
Stirring rod

Test Solution (Artificial Sea Water):

Per liter:

Sodium chloride (NaCl), tech. 30 g
Magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), anhyd.5 g
Distilled water or de-ionized water to make 1000 mL solution

Sample Preparation:
Cut the specimen and multi-fiber at 10×4cm and sewn together. This is the composite test sample.

Colorfastness to Sea Water / Salt Water Procedure:

Immerse each composite specimen in a separate container of the test solution at room temperature
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Agitate the test specimen to ensure through wet out
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Remove the test specimen from the test solution
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Lay the test specimen between two acrylic or glass plates and set in the perspiration tester
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Adjust the perspiration tester to produce a pressure of 12.5 kPa on the test specimen
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Place the tester into an oven and set the temperature of 37±2°C for 4 hours
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Remove the perspiration tester from the woven
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Open out the test specimen (by breaking the stitching on all side except one of the sorter sides, if necessary) and dry the specimen in an incubator (oven) not exceeding 60°C.
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Change in color is assessed with the help of Grey Scale.

Evaluation Method for Color Change:
Rate the effect on the color of the test specimens by the Gray Scale for Color Change.

Grade 5—Negligible or no change as shown in Gray Scale Step 5.

Grade 4.5—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 4-5.

Grade 4—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 4.

Grade 3.5—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 3-4.

Grade 3—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 3.

Grade 2.5—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 2-3.

Grade 2—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 2.

Grade 1.5—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 1-2.

Grade 1—Change in color equivalent to Gray Scale Step 1.

Evaluation Method for Staining:
Rate the staining of the multi-fiber test fabric by the Gray Scale for Staining. Report which classification scale is used.

Grade 5—Negligible or no color transfer.

Grade 4.5—Color transfer equivalent to Step 4-5 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

Grade 4—Color transfer equivalent to Step 4 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

Grade 3.5—Color transfer equivalent to Step 3-4 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

Grade 3—Color transfer equivalent to Step 3 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

Grade 2.5—Color transfer equivalent to Step 2-3 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

Grade 2—Color transfer equivalent to Step 2 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

Grade 1.5—Color transfer equivalent to Step 1-2 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

Grade 1—Color transfer equivalent to Step 1 on the Gray Scale for Staining.

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Mazharul Islam Kiron

Founder & Editor of Textile Learner. He is a Textile Consultant, Blogger & Entrepreneur. He is working as a textile consultant in several local and international companies. He is also a contributor of Wikipedia.