Working Principle of Mechanical Interlock Circular Knitting Machine

Last Updated on 21/03/2021

Experiment name:
Study on Mechanical Interlock Circular Knitting Machine.

Objectives:

To know about the different parts of this machine.
To learn the functions of these parts.
To know the knitting technique of interlock machine.
To learn the characteristics of the interlock circular knitting machine.

Introduction:
Interlock structure is a double faced Interlock structure which consists of two 1×1 Interlock structures. These two 1×1 Interlock structures are joined by interlocking sinker loops and thus produce interlock structure. Interlock structure is produce by special cylinder & dial circular machines.

Interlock is produced mainly on special cylinder and dial circular machines and on some double-system V-bed flat machines. Double system Tricot flat knitting machine also used to produce interlock structure.

An interlock machine must have the following:

Interlock gating, the needles in two beds being exactly opposite each other so that only one of the two can knit at any feeder.
Two separate cam systems in each bed, each controlling half the needles in an alternate sequence, one cam system controlling knitting at one feeder, and the other at the next feeder.
Needles set out alternately, one controlled from one cam system, the next from the other; diagonal and not opposite needles in each bed knit together.

mechanical interlock circular machine — Fig: Mechanical interlock circular machine

Machine specification:

Brand: MYK
Model: FILS
Origin: Japan
Manufacturing company: MIYAKE KNITTING MACHINE W. LTD.
Manufacturing year: 1965
Serial: 1289/3
Dia of cylinder: 17 inch
Needle Gauge: 20
No of feeder: 20
No. of needle: 204
Motor Rpm: 1430

Machine description (Yarn to fabric path diagram):
Yarn from package set in the creel comes into m/c with the help of the guide & tensionar. With the help of feeder yarn is feed to the needles of cylinder & dial. Then yarn in fabric from comes to take down roller & lastly cloth roller.

Machine parts:

Yarn career
Break stop motion
Yarn guides
Dial
Cylinder
Dial cams
Cylinder cams
Dial needles
Cylinder needles
Oiling and air following devices
Spreader
Take up rollers
Batch rollers
Motor
Belts
Pulleys and gears
Clutches

Working Principle:
The yarn is supplied from cone, placed either on an integral over head bobbin stand or one free standing creel through tensioners stop motion & guide eyes down to the yarn feeder guides.

The fabrics is tube form is drawn downwards from inside the needle cylinder by tension rollers & is wound on to the fabric batching roller of winding down fabrics.

The winding down mechanism revolves in unison with the cylinder & fabrics tube & in rock lever operated via cam followers running on the underside of a profiled cam – ring.

The sinker cam plate is mounted outside on the needle circle, the center of the cylinder is referred to as an open top or sinker top machine.

Interlock cam system:
In the figure the cylinder and dial camming to produce one course of ordinary interlock fabric which is actually work of two knitting feeders.

The cylinder cam:

cylinder cam system — Fig: Cylinder cam system

A → Clearing cam which lifts the needles to clear the old loop
B, C → Stitch cam and guard cams respectively both vertically adjustable to control the stitch length.
D → Up through to rise the needle whilst dial needle knock over
E, F → Guard cam to complete the truck
G, H → Guide cam to provide the track for idling needles

The dial system:

1 → Raising cam for tuck position only
2, 3 → Dial knock over cam
4 → Guard cam to compete the truck
5 → Auxiliary knock over cam to prevent the dial needle reentering the old loop
6, 7 → Guide cams provides the tracks for idling needles
8 → Sewing type clearing cam which may occupy the knitting position as shown in feeder 1 or in tuck position at feeder 2.

Knitting Action of Mechanical Interlock Circular Knitting Machine:
The knitting cycle of a interlock machine can be divided in to eight headings. They are discussed below,

Position – 1: Rest position: The head of these needles are in the range of the knock over edges of cylinder & dial respectively.
Position – 2: Tucking position of dial needle: The dial needles are brought into the tucking position.
Position – 3: Tucking position: The cylinder needles are brought in the tucking position.
Position – 4: Clearing position of dial needle: The dial needles are come into the clearing position.
Position – 5: Clearing position: The cylinder needle are come into the clearing position.
Position – 6: Yarn presenting position: Both cylinder & dial are moved to the yarn presenting position.
Position – 7: Cast on position: Both cylinder & dial are moved to their cast on position.
Position – 8: Knock over position: Both cylinder & dial are reaches to the knock over position.

Conclusion:
The mechanical circular Interlock machine is a very commonly used machine in country to make Interlock knitted fabric. So this experiment has significance in our study life. In this experiment we have learnt different parts and their functions, the knitting action, cam system of mechanical interlock circular machine. We point out the various specification of the machine. So the experiment helps us to know more. Above all the experiment is a successful one.

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Mazharul Islam Kiron

Founder & Editor of Textile Learner. He is a Textile Consultant, Blogger & Entrepreneur. He is working as a textile consultant in several local and international companies. He is also a contributor of Wikipedia.