Development of Organic and Sustainable Water Hyacinth Fabric
Aparna Sri1, S. Karthi Krishna2 & G.V. Lakshmipraba3
Department of Fashion Technology, Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu.1
Graduate Engineering Trainee, Aditya Birla Fashion And retail LTD, Bengaluru.2
Jounier IE, Fashion Line Apparels, A Unit of Bharathiya international, Bengaluru.3
Abstract:
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is free floating perennial plant native to tropical and sub- tropical South America. The water hyacinth plant is easily spread over the water. It has both negative and also positive aspects. The water hyacinth plant is easily available in ponds, lakes and reservoirs. Initially we have to collect the water hyacinth plant from the water bodies. I have collected about 200 to 250 plants from the Bhavani River. After extracting the plant, the stem should be separated out from the plant and it is washed thoroughly. After completing the washing process, the stems are slit opened. The slit opened stems are dried with the help of the sunlight. This process is called is retting of fibers. This retting process makes the fibers to shrink. This retting process takes place about 15-18 days. Water Hyacinth Fabrics fibre to yarn by spinning process. Yarn to fabric by using sample loom process.
Keywords – Slit, Retting, Fibre, Yarn, Fabric
1.Introduction:
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) constitutes an important part of an aquatic ecosystem. In the last three decades a special interest in the world is aroused by the potential of using the biological methods in the waste water treatment.
2.Materials And Methods:
2.1 Interesting Facts About Eichhornia Crassipes:
Wax textured leaves helps the water hyacinth plant not to gain weigh weight by heavy downpours. The stalks of the leaves help to make it light weight and helps to float Eichhornia Crassipes is floating freshwater plant. And the leaves of the water hyacinth plant have a hollow stalk with smooth surface. The flowers are in clusters, light purple, 6-lobedand the fruits are capsule with seeds.
2.2 Taxonomical Classification Of Water Hyacinth:
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) is a perennial, Herbaceous, aquatic plant. In this Eichhornia Crassipes, genus is Eichhornia and the species is Eichhornia Crassipes. And this Eichhornia Crassipes falls under the Kingdom Plantae of magnoliophyta division of liliopsida class of liliales order. And its family is pontederiaceae.
2.3 Vernacular Name:
In some regions of Bengali, water hyacinth is called as Kochuri Pana, Topah pana, Tokah pana and in English, Water hyacinth, Lilac devil, Nile lilyplant, Water orchid plant, Water violet, Water lettuce. In Tamil it is called as Akasa thamarai. And in Japanese language, Green plague and Hotei aoi. In Manipuri, it is Kabokkang.
2.4 Parts Of Plant – Water Hyacinth:
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is free floating perennial plant native to tropical and sub- tropical South America. The water hyacinth plant is easily spread over the water. It has both negative and also positive aspects. Water hyacinth grow over a variety of wetland types from lakes, ponds, streams, ditches, waterways and black water areas. The plant height may vary from a few inches. It may rise above the water surface as much as 1 meter in height. The leaves are 10-20 cm in diameter which floats above the water surface. They have long, spongy and bulbous stalk. The feathery freely hanging roots are purple color. Each plant can produce thousands of seed each year and these seeds can remain viable for more than 28 years. The common water hyacinth is double their population in two weeks.
2.5. Fibre Extraction:
The matured water hyacinth plants were identified and collected about 15-30 inches long and 0.15-1.2 inches in diameter. Collected plants are washed well in water after washing, leaves and roots were separated from stem. Finally, stem was taken for chemical treatment to improve absorbency of the fabric.
2.6 Collection Of Water Hyacinth:
The water hyacinth plant is easily available in ponds, lakes and reservoirs. Initially we have to collect the water hyacinth plant from the water bodies. I have collected about 200 to 250 plants from the Bhavani River.
2.7 Removal And Slit Open Of The Stem:
After extracting the plant, the stem should be separated out from the plant and it is washed thoroughly. After completing the washing process, the stems are slit opened. i.e the water hyacinth stem has a hollow structured so that slit is open and make it flattened.
2.8 Dry Retting:
The water hyacinth plant is taken from the lake and the stem divide is straightforward. Drying of water hyacinth stem has been characterized as a procedure that liberates wet material of its fluid or dampness content by uncovering the water hyacinth stem to a specific drying temperature. Moreover, lack of hydration is characterized as the loss of all fluid or dampness content from a material (water hyacinth). Along these lines lack of hydration can result from a drying procedure. In this examination, the drying procedure of water hyacinth gets completed, until the point when the examples achieved zero harmony dampness content (else it is alluded to as lack of hydration). In any case for the motivations behind consistency in detailing, the entire procedure including the end purpose of drying, that is purpose of zero balance dampness content was accounted for as drying. The drying procedure of water hyacinth stem yields a connection between the dampness content and the drying time, which empowers the forecast of drying rates for the scope of drying temperatures, can differ because of the sun beams. Since it is dried in normal daylight. After washing and separating the dry retting process takes place. The slit opened stems are dried with the help of the sunlight. This process is called is retting of fibers. This retting process makes the fibers to shrink. This retting process takes place about 15-18 days.
2.9 Fiber To Yarn:
2.10 Yarn To Fabric:
3. Conclusion:
Water hyacinth fibres can be seen as raw material for the manufacture of clothing and home fabrics. Water Hyacinth plants found in the greater part of the water sources which takes the supplements and oxygen from the water. It additionally forestalls daylight to enter the water. As it caused add up to dimness, makes the water sources unfit for natural living beings. Henceforth the water hyacinth plants are cleaned by numerous associations and additionally companies consistently. These are just dumped as waste. Here we are not prompting the development of water hyacinth plants in that capacity this investigation is for the most part focused on using such squanders by separating the fiber and utilized for making fabric.
4. References:
- GUNNARSSON, C. C., AND C. M. PETERSEN. 2007. Water hyacinth as a resource of agriculture and energy production: A literature review. Waste Management 27:117–29.
- ASHTON PJ, SCOTT WE, STEYN DJ and WELLS RJ (1979) The chemical control programme against the water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms on Hartebeespoort Dam: Historical and practical aspects. South African Journal of Science 75: 303.306.
- UECKERMANN C AND HILL MP (2001) Impact of herbicides used in water hyacinth control on natural enemies released against the weed for biological control. WRC report no. 915/1/01. Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa.
- TOLU OLUFUNMILAYO AJAYI & ATOKE OLAIDE OGUNBAYO “Journal of Sustainable Development” Vol. 5, No. 7; 2012Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education.
- PUNITHA, Dr. K. SANGEETHA, M. BHUVANESHWARI “PROCESSING OF WATER HYACINTH FIBER TO IMPROVE ITS ABSORBENCY” (2015), Volume 3, Issue 8, 290-29
Founder & Editor of Textile Learner. He is a Textile Consultant, Blogger & Entrepreneur. Mr. Kiron is working as a textile consultant in several local and international companies. He is also a contributor of Wikipedia.
Great information thank you!