Hafiz Abdul Mannan
National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Phone: 0092-3236052101
Warping Process: Warping is a preparatory process of weaving. A woven fabric is made up of two sets of yarn called as warp and weft. Warp is the set of yarn that run along the length of fabric and weft yarn goes across the width. The main purpose of warping is to prepare a warp sheet of desired length containing a specific number of yarns. During this process, the warp sheet is wrapped on a flanged barrel in such a manner that tension in each yarn and density of yarn mass in the cylindrical assembly are maintained within a given tolerance level throughout the body of the product known as a warp beam.
There are different types of warping, which include beam warping, sectional warping, beam to beam warping, draw-warping and ball warping. Different types of machines are used in different types of warping process. Nowadays automation is widely used in warping and sizing machine in weaving industry.
Automation in Warping Process:
Feeler roller to apply material specific pressure to obtain exact cylindrical warp build-up;
Lease and sizing band magazines
Constant warp tension over the full warp width;
Automatic section positioning with photo-optical section width measurement;
Pneumatic stop brakes;
Warp tension regulation for uniform build-up;
Automatic warp beam loading, doffing and chucking.
Head stocks are equipped with advanced design features such as precision direct drive, advanced electronics, smooth doffing and programmable breaking
Stop motion sensors are used when yarn breaks.
Automatic creel movement
Yarn length measuring devices are used to measure the warp yarn length.
Fig: Automated sectional warping machine
Sizing Process: Sizing machine control systems provide a tool for management to insure that all warps are sized identically under standard operating conditions. These monitoring and control capabilities can be included in a computer network of a weaving mill. For years knitting machine manufacturers have been making excellent use of electronics to provide machines that are more automatic and versatile and many refinements of these advances have been made. These automatic machines are already ‘islands of automation’ that can be incorporated into a CIM network.
Automated weaving plants are on the drawing boards. None is yet in operation but should be a reality within a few years. The six production steps winding, warping, sizing, weaving inspection and packing include 16 points of automation. Of these, 12 deal with materials handling or transport. Only four applications deal with automating the machine operations themselves.
Automation in Sizing Process:
This includes automated process control on the slasher of
Automation on creel zone by pneumatic cylinder
Control the tension of yarn by sensors or pendulum roller
Control the temperature and level of size paste in size box
Control the temperature and level of size paste in size cooker
In drying zone, control the temperature
Control the percentage of moisture content by sensor
Founder & Editor of Textile Learner. He is a Textile Consultant, Blogger & Entrepreneur. Mr. Kiron is working as a textile consultant in several local and international companies. He is also a contributor of Wikipedia.
